01Product

L-Threonine

At a glance

L-Threonine from Zhicheng Bio — supply summary

Zhicheng Bio supplies bulk L-Threonine, CAS 72-19-5, shipping from Shanghai, China. This grade is produced to order. Every shipment carries a batch Certificate of Analysis; specification sheet and MSDS are supplied on request. Sourced to order — about 1 week to Shanghai port. Zhicheng Bio publishes no list price — quotes are issued per quantity and Incoterm by email to zhicheng1@zhicheng-bio.cn.

Supplier: Zhicheng Bio, Shanghai, China
CAS number: 72-19-5
Molecular formula: C4H9NO3
Availability: Made to order
Documents: Batch CoA with every shipment; spec sheet and MSDS on request
Packing: Bags
PubChem CID: 6288
How to get a price: Email RFQ to zhicheng1@zhicheng-bio.cn — no list price is published

Amino Acids ~1 week

L-Threonine

CAS 72-19-5 · C4H9NO3

Bulk L-Threonine for B2B manufacturing — supplied against your target specification, with documentation your QA can review before anything ships. Pricing below is indicative; send an RFQ for a firm quote, MOQ and lead time.

$2.14 – $2.40 /kg by order volume · indicative, ex-Shanghai

Indicative range — larger volumes price toward the low end. Ingredient markets move weekly; your firm price is confirmed by quotation, typically within one business day.

Category: Amino Acids

Availability: Sourced to order — about 1 week to Shanghai port

Packing: Bags

Key supply points

Supplied against your target specification — USP / FCC / JP monograph where applicable
Recent batch COA provided with the quotation, before you commit
Consolidates with other SKUs into one shipment out of Shanghai
Third-party lab verification available pre-shipment on request

Documentation with every batch

COA per batchSpec SheetMSDS / SDSExport docs

Third-party lab verification can be arranged pre-shipment on request. Certificates of origin, non-GMO or allergen statements per destination-market requirements.

Request COA & Quote Use the RFQ form

Shipping & Lead Time

Estimate freight for this product

~1 weekSourced to order — about 1 week to Shanghai port

Destination region Quantity (kg)

Air FreightFast

Transit: —
Est. freight *: —
Total door-to-port: —

Sea LCLValue

Transit: —
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Total door-to-port: —

Request Exact Quote

Documentation-first

COA per batch, Spec Sheet and MSDS — reviewed by your QA before anything ships.

Ready-stock depth

Multi-tonne inventory on core SKUs, plus 28 actives held in our US warehouse in Los Angeles for domestic delivery.

Certified supply chain

Sourced from audited, certified manufacturers — ISO, HACCP, Halal & Kosher available.

Flexible export

25 kg bags, cartons or drums; FOB / CIF / DDP by lane, sea or air consolidation.

02Identity & properties

Identity & properties

Compound identifiers and physical properties for this material. The binding version is always the Specification Sheet and batch COA issued with your quotation.

CAS No.	72-19-5
Molecular Formula	C4H9NO3
Molecular Weight	119.12
EINECS	200-774-1 (PubChem also lists 201-300-6)
Synonyms	L-Threonine, L-Thr, T, (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
Appearance	White crystalline powder with a slight savoury aroma
Solubility	Water 97 g/L at 25 °C. Insoluble in ethanol, ethyl ether and chloroform; the Merck Index describes it as insoluble in common neutral solvents.
Pharmacopoeial reference	FCC · JP

03Specifications

Specifications

Typical parameters below — the binding version is the Specification Sheet and batch COA we send with your quotation.

Parameter	Specification	Test method
Related substances (allo-threonine)	—	Chromatography per monograph
Assay (as-is / dried basis)	—	Titration or HPLC per the applicable monograph
Appearance	—	Visual
Identification	—	IR / specific optical rotation per monograph
Specific optical rotation	—	Polarimetry
Loss on drying	—	Gravimetric
Residue on ignition / sulphated ash	—	Gravimetric
Chloride	—	Per monograph
Sulphate	—	Per monograph
Iron	—	Per monograph
Other amino acids / related substances	—	TLC or HPLC per monograph
Heavy metals (Pb / As / Cd / Hg)	—	ICP-MS or per monograph
Microbiology (TAMC / TYMC / E. coli / Salmonella)	—	USP <61>/<62> or equivalent

A dash means we have no fixed limit to publish for that parameter: it is reported on the batch COA and the limit is agreed with your QA. We would rather leave it blank than invent a number. Full physical, chemical, heavy-metal and microbiological parameters are listed in the Specification Sheet — sent with every quotation.

04Formulation & handling notes

Formulation & handling notes

The practical points our technical team raises with buyers of this material — the things that decide whether a batch behaves in your process.

Threonine has two chiral centres, which is unusual on this list — only threonine and isoleucine do. The consequence is a diastereomer, allo-threonine, that a simple optical-rotation check will not reliably exclude. Specify allo-threonine as a named related substance, not as part of a generic 'other amino acids' limit.

Its side-chain hydroxyl gives it a second unusual property: an unusually high second dissociation constant. The Merck Index reports pKa1' 2.63 and pKa2' 10.43, against about 9.6 for most amino acids here. In practice that means threonine's buffering shifts more alkaline than its neighbours in a free-form blend.

At 97 g/L in water at 25 °C it is one of the more soluble amino acids in the range — four times leucine — and will not limit a concentrate. It is, however, insoluble in ethanol, ether and chloroform, so aqueous and dry formats only.

It decomposes at about 256 °C without a clean melt, and the literature gives different decomposition figures for the DL form (228-229 °C) than for the natural L form (255-275 °C) — another reason not to accept a DL specification as a proxy.

Commercially, threonine is a feed-grade amino acid first and a nutritional one second (it is the second or third limiting amino acid in swine and poultry diets). Food and supplement buyers should specify explicitly, because the cheap tonnage is feed grade and does not carry food microbiological or heavy-metal limits.

Threonine is the amino acid that intestinal mucin synthesis draws on most heavily, which is why it appears in gut-health positioning. As a supplier statement that is a research context, not a product claim — see the literature section.

05Applications

Applications

B2B manufacturing use only — no finished-product or health claims.

Amino acid fortification of cereal and plant-protein foods

Free-form amino acid and EAA blends

Animal-nutrition and pet-food premixes (the dominant volume outlet for threonine)

Clinical and enteral nutrition

Capsules and tablets

06Regulatory status by market

Regulatory status by market

Status of the raw material, stated as conservatively as our sources allow. This is supply-chain information, not regulatory advice — confirm the position for your finished product and destination market with your own regulatory counsel.

Market	Status	Basis
United States	Listed by name in FDA's food-additive regulation for amino acids as 'L-Threonine'. That regulation permits use as a nutrient 'to significantly improve the biological quality of the total protein' of a food, subject to a cap of 5.0 percent by weight of the total protein of the finished food, and to the labelling requirements in paragraph (e). It is not a general-purpose clearance for any food use, and it is not the authority under which dietary supplements are marketed — those sit under DSHEA and 21 CFR part 111.	21 CFR 172.320(a), (b), (c)(4), (e)
European Union	Amino acids are not covered by the harmonised positive lists of Directive 2002/46/EC (Annexes I and II of that Directive cover vitamins and minerals only). Amino acid ingredients are therefore governed by general EU food law plus national rules, with mutual recognition under Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 764/2008 in practice.	Directive 2002/46/EC (food supplements); national member-state rules
Japan	An Official Monograph titled 'L-Threonine' is listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, Eighteenth Edition. Monograph existence only — no limits transcribed.	JP XVIII, Official Monographs
China	Status as a nutrient fortification substance / food additive under Chinese national standards to be confirmed.	GB 14880-2012 (nutrient fortification substances), GB 2760 (food additives), and NHC new-food-ingredient announcements

07Selected research

Selected research

Peer-reviewed literature on this compound, with linked identifiers so you can read the primary source rather than take our word for it.

These references are listed for scientific context only. They describe published research on the compound; they are not claims about this raw material and not claims about any finished product. Zhicheng Bio makes no medical, health or performance claims.

In rats fed isonitrogenous diets containing 30-150% of the theoretical threonine requirement, restriction to 30% significantly reduced intestinal mucin fractional synthesis rate in the duodenum, ileum and colon while mucosal protein synthesis rate did not differ. Faure M, Moënnoz D, Montigon F, Mettraux C, Breuillé D, Ballèvre O. J Nutr. 2005;135(3):486-491. PMID 15735082 DOI 10.1093/jn/135.3.486 Source
A review reported that a large proportion of dietary threonine is used for intestinal mucosal protein and mucin synthesis, that enterocytes do not oxidise threonine, and that because mucin proteins cannot be digested and reused, intestinal mucin secretion represents a net loss of threonine from the body. Mao X, Zeng X, Qiao S, Wu G, Li D. Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2011;3(4):1192-1200. PMID 21622125 DOI 10.2741/e322 Source

08Packing, storage & lead time

Packing, storage & lead time

Standard packing	Bags
Private packing	Custom packing & labeling available for regular customers
Storage	Cool, dry place, sealed in original packaging
Lead time	Sourced to order — about 1 week to Shanghai port
Shipping	Sea or air consolidation out of Shanghai · FOB / CIF / DDP by lane

09Procurement FAQ

Procurement FAQ

01What impurity should I be specifying on threonine?

Allo-threonine. Threonine has two chiral centres, so it has a diastereomer that a plain optical-rotation identity test will not reliably exclude. Ask us to get the manufacturer's allo-threonine limit and method onto the specification sheet.

02Is this feed grade or food grade?

Say which you need. Threonine's tonnage market is animal nutrition, and feed-grade material is cheaper but does not carry the microbiological and heavy-metal limits a food or supplement customer needs. We quote both; just be explicit in the RFQ.

03Will threonine change my blend's pH?

Slightly more than most. Its side-chain hydroxyl pushes the second dissociation constant to about 10.4, against roughly 9.6 for most amino acids. In a high-load free-form blend it will pull the buffering marginally alkaline.

04How much can you supply?

Around 1.25 tonnes bagged, roughly one week to Shanghai. It consolidates well with lysine and glycine, which are the other commodity-priced items in the range.

05What is the MOQ for L-Threonine?

MOQ is quote-based and flexible. Tell us your target quantity in the RFQ — for core in-stock SKUs we can usually accommodate both trial orders and multi-tonne volumes.

06Can I get a sample of L-Threonine before ordering?

Yes — samples are available on request for evaluation and lab verification. Mention it in your RFQ and we will confirm the arrangement.

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